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Mugger crocodile
The mugger crocodile (''Crocodylus palustris'' = "crocodile of the marsh"), also called the Indian, Indus, Persian, marsh crocodile or simply mugger, is found throughout the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding countries, like Pakistan where the ''Sindhu crocodile'' is the national reptile of Pakistan.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Government of Pakistan )〕 It is one of the three crocodilians found in India, the others being the gharial and the saltwater crocodile. It is a medium-sized crocodile that mostly inhabits freshwater lakes, ponds, sluggish rivers, swamps and marshes.〔Da Silva, A. and Lenin, J. (2010). ("Mugger Crocodile ''Crocodylus palustris'' ), pp. 94–98 in S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson (eds.) ''Crocodiles. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan''. 3rd edition, Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.〕 Males of the species are said to grow up to in length. As with other crocodilians, females are smaller.〔(Mugger (''Crocodylus palustris'') ). Arkive. Retrieved on 2013-04-13.〕 The mugger crocodile has the broadest snout of any extant crocodile, giving it an alligator-like appearance. It is a more heavily armored species with enlarged scutes around the neck. Adults are dark grey or brown, while hatchlings are tan colored.
The mugger crocodile is a skilled predator that preys on a variety of species. Like other crocodilians they are ambush hunters and wait for their prey to come close. They wait camouflaged in the murky waters to launch the attack in the suitable moment. They mostly prey on fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. Reproduction takes place in winter months. Females lay eggs in nests that are holes dug in the sand. Temperature during incubation is the determinant of sex in the young. The mugger crocodile possesses the size to be a serious threat to humans but are not as aggressive as some other species, such as the sympatric saltwater crocodiles. They are also observed to usually avoid areas with saltwater crocodiles.〔(Current Distribution of ''Crocodylus palustris'' ). Crocodile Species List. Retrieved on 2013-04-13.〕 Muggers are fairly social species and tolerate their conspecifics during basking and feeding.
==Taxonomy and etymology==
The name "mugger" is a borrowing of Hindi ''magar''.〔(Mugger | Define Mugger at Dictionary.com ). Dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved on 2011-03-19.〕 This is in turn derived from Sanskrit ''makara'' "crocodile; mythical water monster; sign of the zodiac".〔"mugger, n.3". Oxford English Dictionary Online. December 2012. Oxford University Press. ()〕
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